- Problem Evaluation
Continue tank truck operation evaluation in blog posting W13, this time author want to research what the best depreciation is. The best mean give more benefit of Author Company such as minimize income tax and also give financial projection of tank truck operational cash flow.
- Development of feasible alternatives
There are four depreciation models that will compare to get best method:
- Straight Line Method
- Declining Balance Method
- Declining with switchover to Straight Line Method
- MACRS Method
- Development the outcome for each alternative
Those four method depreciation are choose to compare two group method, commonly use method such as Straight Line Method and Declining Balance Method, and not commonly use such as Declining with switchover to Straight Line Method and MACRS Method. All method will be compare by depreciation value; bigger depreciation value will get lower income tax.
- Selection of criteria
The best method is the method that has the biggest depreciation value. Depreciation value is get from sum present worth of all year depreciation result of each method.
- Analysis and comparison of the alternative
To simulate this depreciation comparison author will use 24 KL aluminum fuel tank truck data. Those data is in table below.
Table 1. Fuel Tank Truck Data
Next step is data calculating of each depreciation method, according to straight line method:
dk = (B – SVN) / N
dk* = k. dk for 1 ≤ k ≤ N
BVk = B – dk*
According to Declining Balance method:
d1 = B(R)
dk = B (1 – R)k-1 (R)
dk* = B (1 – (1 – R)k)
BVk = B (1-R)k
Where:
N = depreciable life of the asset in years
B = cost basis, including allowable adjustments
Dk = annual depreciation deduction in year k (1 ≤ k ≤ N)
BVk = book value at end of year k
SVN = estimated salvage value at end of year N
dk* = cumulative depreciation through year k
The calculation results of four depreciation methods are in table below:
Table 2. Straight Line Method
To demonstrate Declining Balance method, the author use 300% DB equations and result of calculation based on above equation is
Table 3. 300% Declining Balance Method
Method of Declining Balance Method Switchover to Straight Line Depreciation, in this method the first step is the asset would be depreciated by the 300% DB Method (R =3/N). Because the DB method never reach a zero BV, suppose that author further specify that at switchover to SL depreciation to will be made to ensure a BV of zero (determined salvage value).
Table 4. DB Method Switchover to SL Method
To determine the MACRS (GDS) with half year convention assumption and period of analysis in 6 years based on GDS property class.
Table 5. MACRS (GDS) Method, Using Half year convention
Table 6. PW(12) Comparison
Figure 1. PW(12) of each method
- Alternative selection
As can be seen above MACRS method have the largest PW(12) than other. We can conclude MACRS method is the best alternative that more attractive to profitable companies.
- Performance monitoring & Post Evaluation Result
To get the best result of method we have to find most appropriate model of depreciation. We should calculate PW of depreciation value of each method, because bigger PW of depreciation value will get lower income tax and more profit of our company.
References
- Sullivan, G. W., Wicks, M. E., & Koelling, C. P.(2014). Engineering economy 16th Edition. Chapter 7 – Depreciation and income tax., pp.332-391. Prentice Hall.
- Planning Planet. (2017). Acquiring Equipment For The Project. Retrieved from http://www.planningplanet.com/guild/gpccar/acquiring-equipment-for-the-project
- Accounting-Simplified.com (2017). Depreciation Methods. Retrieved from http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/fixed-assets/depreciation-methods/types.html